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Suspension Concentrate Adjuvants

Suspension Concentrate Adjuvants
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What is Suspension Concentrate?

 

 

Suspension concentrate (SC) formulations consist of having a solid active ingredient dispersed in water. SCs have grown in popularity due to benefits such as absence of dust, ease of use and effectiveness when compared to other formulation types such as emulsifiable concentrate (EC) and wettable powder (WP).

 

Decoding the Suspension Concentrate Market

Suspension concentrate is a type of pesticide formulation that contains solid particles dispersed in a liquid medium. These solid particles are suspended and kept in the mixture through the use of stabilizing agents. Suspension concentrates are highly effective in pest control as the solid particles ensure better coverage and longer residual activity.

 

The future outlook for the suspension concentrate market is highly positive. One of the key factors driving the growth of this market is the increasing demand for pesticides from the agricultural sector to protect crops from pests and diseases. With the growing global population and the need to enhance agricultural productivity, farmers are relying more on advanced pest control solutions like suspension concentrates.

 

Additionally, suspension concentrates offer several advantages over other pesticide formulations. They provide better spray coverage, improved adhesion to plant surfaces, reduced environmental impact, and longer shelf life. These benefits have increased the preference for suspension concentrates among farmers, leading to a surge in demand.

 

Furthermore, the market for suspension concentrates is witnessing technological advancements, such as the development of novel stabilizing agents and formulation techniques. These advancements are further expected to drive the market growth by enhancing the efficacy and stability of suspension concentrates.

 

Based on the provided information, the future outlook for the suspension concentrate market looks promising. With a projected compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of % during the forecasted period, the market is anticipated to witness significant expansion. The increasing adoption of suspension concentrates in agriculture coupled with technological advancements in formulation techniques will likely fuel this growth.

 

 

Technology of Suspension Concentrate
 

Stabilisers
The stabiliser system is one of the more critical aspects of the formulation. The stabiliser(s) keep the milled active ingredient particles in suspension and ensure they do not sink to the bottom of the bottle; or to the bottom of the spray tank, once the product is diluted with water.

 

Dispersants
The dispersants ensure that the milled particles of active ingredients do not agglomerate together. Particle agglomeration is a natural phenomenon of small particles and refers to the formation of clusters in a suspension. Small particles dispersed in the liquid phase stick to each other and spontaneously form irregular particle clusters, flocs or aggregates. This phenomenon is also referred to as coagulation or flocculation and creates an unstable suspension.

 

Surfactants
To understand the need for surfactants, it helps to understand how water works. Water molecules have a negative and a positive charge, like a magnet. If you put several water molecules together, the positive and negative forces attract each other. Consequently, the molecules on the surface of a water droplet are held with more force than those within a water droplet, which creates surface tension.

 

Other adjuvants
Antimicrobials are required to stop degradation of the product. Various bacteria and fungi can grow within a suspension concentrate due to the presence of water and food (xanthan gum). This can cause strong odours and discolouration of the product. Ideally the microbial blend should protect against both gram-negative bacteria and gram-positive bacteria. However, often this is an area where some formulators save costs by not adding any antimicrobial, or choosing to only control gram-positive bacteria.

 

There Are Several Methods For Determining The Concentration Of Suspension Concentrate

 

Filter-weighing method: A certain amount of water sample is passed through a filter membrane with a pore size of 0.45um, and the solid matter trapped on the filter membrane is dried at 103-105℃ to constant weight. The weight of the solid matter is weighed to calculate the concentration of suspended matter in the water. This method belongs to the national standard method. For details, see "Determination of suspended matter in water quality - Gravimetric method" (GB11901-89), but it is time-consuming and labor-intensive, and the workload is large. It is limited by the limited storage space of the sampler, and the detection efficiency is low. It is generally used for single-point detection in the laboratory and is not suitable for online monitoring of water quality on site.

 

Optical sensor method: The concentration of suspended matter in water is calculated by measuring the intensity of the scattered or transmitted light signal after the suspended matter is irradiated by visible light or near-infrared light source. The optical signal will be affected by biological fouling, and the optical signal end of the sensor needs to be cleaned regularly. However, this method is simple to operate and can be applied to rapid determination of water quality on site and long-term online monitoring.

 

Laser diffraction method: Based on the physics of light scattering, the particle distribution is measured by measuring the different angles of scattered light when the laser beam passes through the measured particle sample, thereby calculating the concentration of suspended matter in the water. This method can not only measure the concentration of suspended matter in water, but also measure the total amount of suspended matter in water in a certain period of time, but the size of this type of sensor is large and easily leads to water flow blockage.

 

Satellite remote sensing method: The spectrometer that measures the reflection of water bodies is installed on an aircraft or satellite, and satellite remote sensing technology is used to monitor the concentration of suspended matter in water. This method can solve the problems of unchanged field observation of water body monitoring and difficulty in data acquisition. It can detect large water surfaces, but the resolution is low and it is not suitable for water quality environments with high sediment concentrations in water bodies, and the measurement depth is limited to a few meters at the top of the water body.

 

Turbidity method: Preliminary judgment of whether there are suspended matter in water is made by observing the transparency and color changes of water samples. Turbidity refers to the turbidity phenomenon caused by the scattering and absorption of light by suspended matter in liquids. The concentration of suspended matter can be indirectly calculated by measuring the light scattering intensity in liquid samples. High-precision measurements can be achieved using specific turbidity meter instruments.

 

Suspended matter optical measurement method: A detection method based on the principle of light scattering that can continuously monitor the concentration of suspended matter in water in real time and online. The distribution and concentration of suspended matter are evaluated by irradiating a laser or LED light source into the water sample and measuring the intensity and direction of the light scattering.

 

How to measure the concentration of Suspension Concentrate
1

Filtration mass method refers to the method of passing a certain amount of water sample through a filter membrane with a pore size of 0.45um, intercepting the solid matter on the filter membrane and drying it to constant weight at 103-105℃, and weighing the weight of the solid matter to calculate the concentration of suspended solids in water. This method belongs to the national standard method. For details, please refer to "Determination of suspended matter in water quality - Gravimetric method" (GB11901-89). However, this method is time-consuming and labor-intensive, with a large workload, and is limited by the limited storage space of the sampler. The detection efficiency is low. It is generally used for single-point detection in laboratories and is not suitable for online monitoring of water quality on site.

2

Optical sensor method, which calculates the concentration of suspended matter in water by measuring the intensity of the scattered or transmitted light signal after the suspended matter is irradiated by visible light or near-infrared light source. In general, the methods for measuring suspended matter are mainly divided into three categories: 90° scattering measurement, 45° backscattering measurement, and 180° transmission measurement. Studies have shown that 90° scattering measurement is the most stable of the three measurement methods and is least affected by the size of suspended matter particles. The optical signal will be affected by biological fouling, and the optical signal end of the sensor needs to be cleaned regularly. However, this method is simple to operate and can be applied to rapid determination of water quality on site and long-term online monitoring.

3

Laser diffraction method, based on the physics of light scattering, measures the particle distribution by measuring the different angles of scattered light when the laser beam passes through the measured particle sample, thereby calculating the concentration of suspended matter in water. This method can not only measure the concentration of suspended matter in water, but also measure the total amount of suspended matter in water in a certain period of time, but the size of this type of sensor is large and it is easy to cause water flow blockage.

4

Satellite remote sensing method, the spectrometer for measuring water body reflection is installed on an aircraft or satellite, and satellite remote sensing technology is used to monitor the concentration of suspended matter in water. This method can solve the problems of unchanged field observation of water body monitoring and difficulty in data acquisition. It can detect large water surfaces, but the resolution is low and it is not suitable for water quality environments with high sediment concentrations in water bodies, and the measurement depth is limited to a few meters at the top of the water body.

5

Acoustic measurement method, based on acoustic technology, the high-frequency sound signal (1-5MHz) generated by the sensor is introduced into the measured water body, and the reflected part of the sound signal is transmitted back to the sensor, and its signal strength can be used to determine the concentration of suspended matter in water. This method requires pre-calibration of the relationship between the concentration of suspended matter in water and the output signal of the acoustic instrument. It is a non-invasive measurement that will not change the state of the water flow and can measure suspended matter in a vertical range of several meters, but the sound signal will decay when the suspended matter concentration is high and is easily absorbed by biological materials. It is limited by the water depth and is not suitable for shallow rivers.

6

Digital image analysis method, based on computer and image processing technology, the camera is sealed and installed in a special underwater box. The box is equipped with a glass window for the camera to record the real-time state of the water flow containing suspended matter. The computer-controlled measurement and analysis system analyzes the concentration and size distribution of suspended matter in the water. The equipment used in this method is large in size and easily causes water flow disturbance. The dirt on the glass window will also affect the measurement accuracy.

7

Capacitive sensor method, by measuring the dielectric constant of the water body to determine the components of suspended matter and water in the water body, to calculate the concentration of suspended matter in the water. The concentration of suspended matter is linearly correlated with the output signal of the capacitive sensor in a large range. This method has been widely used to measure the moisture content of soil, but the disadvantage of this method is that it is easily affected by temperature changes.

 

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Our Factory

With sustainable innovation and timely technical support strategy, SINVOCHEM has gained good reputation as main supplier for formulators in China. Backed by a high-efficient R&D team and well-constructed lab platform, SINVOCHEM succeeds in setting customized services as priority. Now SINVOCHEM maintain a good relationship with top 70% domestic formulators and main agro institutes. In recent years, SINVOCHEM also has successfully promoted overseas market by collaboration with MNCs and leading distributors. SINVOCHEM offers an all-in solution over pesticide formulating, contributing to dose reduction and efficacy improvement.

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FAQ

Q: What does suspension concentrate mean?

A: The suspension concentrates (SC), also known as "flowables", consist of insoluble solid active ingredients dispersed (normally at high concentration) in water. Suspension concentrates have shown a rapid development in the past, mainly due to their several benefits when compared to other formulations: no dust.

Q: How to make suspension concentrates?

A: Water, wetting agent, dispersant, coarse particles and all other ingredients that are not shear degradable are added to a media mill: Attritor® (pictured), ball mill, bead mill, sand mill. The suspension is formed as the particles are milled to the required size.

Q: What are the two components of suspension solution?

A: The two components of a suspension are known as the dispersed phase and dispersion medium. A mixture is qualified as a suspension only when the dispersed phase is solid, and the dispersion medium can be liquid, solid or gas.

Q: What is the particle size of suspension concentrate?

A: Suspension concentrates are dispersions of sparingly soluble active ingredients in water or in organic solvents and generally contain particles with diameters in the range 0.4-12 pm.

Q: What is suspended concentrate?

A: Suspension concentrates (SC) are formulations that consist of insoluble, solid active ingredients suspended in water with the aid of dispersing and wetting agents for safer and better application onto crop surfaces. When used for seed treatments, SCs are called flowables (FS).

Q: How do you reduce particle size in suspension?

A: High-Pressure Homogenization This process involves passing a suspension through a channel at high pressure to create shear forces that break down particles. It is commonly employed in the food and pharmaceutical industries for emulsions and suspensions.

Q: How to check particle size in suspension?

A: Laser Diffraction is another common technique used for particle size determination. It works by scattering light through a sample containing particles in suspension and calculates the size distribution of the sample based on the angles and intensity of light scattered by individual particles.

Q: What is the ideal particle size for a suspension?

A: Suspensions have solute particles with size less than 1 nm. X is an intermediate between suspension and solution and is also a homogeneous looking like heterogeneous mixture in which particles have size between 1nm to 100nm.

Q: How do you measure the particle size of a suspension?

A: Microscopy (optical, TEM and SEM) is considered a primary technique for size analysis; it is used in conjunction with image analysis for size and shape distributions.

Q: How does particle size affect suspension stability?

A: According to Stokes' law, the velocity of a suspended particle falling under gravity is directly proportional to the particle's size. Reducing the size of suspended drug particles therefore reduces the rate and likelihood of sedimentation, helping to maintain the dispersion.

Q: What is the size of particles in a suspension solution?

A: The size of particles in the true solution is less than 1 nm, whereas, in colloidal solution, the size of particles lies between 1 to 1000nm. In suspension, the size of particles is usually more than 1000 nm. The nature of the particles in true solution and attain high density.

Q: What is the particle size of suspension concentrate?

A: Suspension concentrates are dispersions of sparingly soluble active ingredients in water or in organic solvents and generally contain particles with diameters in the range 0.4-12 pm.

Q: How does particle size affect suspension?

A: For suspensions based on a liquid with high viscosity, the effect of the particle diameter is small, while for those with a low liquid viscosity, the suspension viscosity decreases weakly with increasing particle diameter.

Q: What are the advantages of suspension concentrates?

A: Suspension concentrates have shown a rapid development in the past, mainly due to their several benefits when compared to other formulations: no dust. no problem of toxicity or flammability due to solvents. good efficiency due to the smaller particle size.

Q: What is an example of a suspension solution?

A: Common examples of suspension include the mixture of chalk and water, muddy water, the mixture of flour and water, a mixture of dust particles and air, fog, milk of magnesia, etc. Q2. Give the definition of suspension.

Q: What is the formulation of suspension concentrate?

A: Suspension concentrate (SC) formulations consist of having a solid active ingredient dispersed in water. SCs have grown in popularity due to benefits such as absence of dust, ease of use and effectiveness when compared to other formulation types such as emulsifiable concentrate (EC) and wettable powder (WP).

Q: How to make suspension concentrates?

A: Water, wetting agent, dispersant, coarse particles and all other ingredients that are not shear degradable are added to a media mill: Attritor® (pictured), ball mill, bead mill, sand mill. The suspension is formed as the particles are milled to the required size.

Q: What are the ingredients in suspension?

A: - Ingredients include wetting agents, suspending agents, preservatives, flavors, colors and buffers. Suspension is made of two phase system, consisting of a finely divided solid particles (Dispersed phase) distributed in a particular manner throughout another medium (Continuous phase).

Q: What is the composition of a suspension?

A: The suspension is a heterogeneous mixture of solid particles that are large enough for sedimentation. Here, the particles of the solute do not dissolve in the solvent but are rather suspended. The suspended particles are large enough to scatter the light rays and, the path of the light rays is visible through it.

Q: What are the excipients used in suspension?

A: Both bentonite and magnesium aluminum silicate are used in the formulation of suspensions. They are both complex hydrated silicates and comprise aluminum and magnesium silicates together with other silicates.

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